![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The first English ships were commanded by a "Bats un" (modern boatswain), derived from the Anglo-Saxon words, "Bat" meaning wood, and "Seun" meaning husband. This spur to new construction reached its pinnacle under Richard Cour de Lion, who finally set sail from Dartmouth with a fleet of 110 vessels. As a result, the side steering bar was gradually replaced by a stern rudder, and higher protective free boards were also developed. Long voyages to a new continent magnified the need for additional protection against sudden weather changes, and the new requirements of a growing sea power demanded a large fleet with increased maneuverability. Few people realize that the Crusades were responsible for stimulating one of the greatest eras in English ship building history. ![]()
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